Inguqu yeShishini lokuSebenzisa uMbane ophantsi

2.1 Inguqu yeTekhnoloji

2.1.1 Ukunyusa i-R & D

Kukho umsantsa omkhulu kwinqanaba lemveliso phakathi kwamashishini asekhaya namashishini angaphandle. Ngexesha le "Ishumi elinantathu" ixesha leminyaka emihlanu, iimveliso zombane zeli lizwe lokuthelekiswa kwelizwe ziya kuthi ngokuthe ngcembe zilandele umgangatho ophezulu, ukuthembeka kwemveliso, kunye nokubonakala kwakudala kugxile kwiziphumo ezidlulileyo. Ukunyusa utyalomali kuphando kunye nophuhliso, kubandakanya izixhobo, izixhobo, izixhobo, iinkqubo, njl njl. khuthaza amashishini ukuba enze inguqu yetekhnoloji kwangaxeshanye, engoyena uphambili ophuculo lwamashishini; Isantya sokukhawulezisa izixhobo zemveliso ezizodwa ze-voltage ye-voltage, izixhobo zokuvavanya kunye nophando kunye nesantya sophuhliso setekhnoloji yokufumana ngokuzenzekelayo; Yandisa inguqu zobugcisa yeshishini lombane ophantsi, kunye nokukhuthaza ukutshintshiselana ngobuchwephesha kunye nabalingane bamanye amazwe.

2.1.2 Ukuphucula inkqubo yomgangatho womzi-mveliso

Amashishini okuphumeza amashishini am anokwamkela iMigangatho eyaziwayo ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ahlala enikela ingqalelo kwimgangatho yamazwe aphesheya. Ukususela ekuqaleni koyilo lwemveliso, uphando kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso ezintsha kufuneka ziqwalasele ukukhetha izixhobo kunye nenkqubo yombane yemveliso ihambelana nemveliso yombane wehlabathi, ngokusingqongileyo "ye-carbon" yendawo enobuhlobo, ephantsi. Ukuphucula ulawulo lwenqanaba lenkqubo yonke, kubasebenzi ukudibanisa imigangatho, ukuqinisekisa ukuphuculwa komgangatho. Inkqubo yemveliso yemveliso ihambisa ukulawulwa kokuthembeka (ngokukhulisa ngokufanelekileyo), ukuhlolwa kwefektri, njl. Njl.

2.2 Inguqu yemveliso

2.2.1 Uhlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo semveliso

Ngokwemfundo yemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe, ubume beemveliso zombane eziphantsi kufuneka zilungelelaniswe ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo. Ngexesha le "Ishumi elinantathu" ixesha ", i-UHV, iGridi ye-Intanethi, i-Intanethi +, i-Intanethi ye-Intanethi, i-Intanethi yamandla eHlabathi, kwaye yenziwa eTshayina i-china 2025 iya kwandisa ngokukhawuleza imfuno esemgangathweni. Uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwamandla amatsha lubonelela ngamathuba ophuhliso kulwandiso lwemizi-mveliso. Intsimi yemveliso yoshishino lombane ophantsi inokwandiswa kwi-potolvoltaic enamanzi amaninzi, ukulawula amandla kunye nokhuselo lwamandla, izixhobo zokuhambisa amandla, izixhobo zokugcina amandla, i-DC yokutshintsha izixhobo zombane kunye nezinye iinkalo. Kwaye unokubonelela ngezisombululo ngokubanzi. Le ntsimi yindawo entsha yokukhula kwenkqubo yokukhula kwe-voltage ephantsi.

2.2.2 Uhlaziyo lweMveliso

Ishishini lombane eliphantsi le-voltage liza kuqulunqwa ngakumbi kubukrelekrele, unxibelelwano kunye nonxibelelwano, kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa amandla e-voltage kunye nenkqubo yokulawula iya kuphuhlisa inethiwekhi ekrelekrele. Okwangoku, isizukulwane esitsha semveliso sisekwinqanaba lokuqala lengxaki, kwaye ezona zizathu ziphambili zezi zilandelayo: Akukho misebenzi ilula, kwaye iiprotocols zothutho phakathi kweemveliso ezahlukeneyo azihambelani; Abaphulaphuli besekethe obuphantsi, abaqulunqi, abakhuseli abakhoyo kunye nezinye iimveliso azinikezeli ngokulandelelana, idatha esebenzayo, uhlengahlengiso lweParamitha kunye nabasebenzisi beenkampani eziphantsi, kwaye kunzima ukufezekisa ukubekwa kweliso kulawulo olunzulu; Imveliso idibanisa ii-microproproncesm kunye nabaguquli / d d. , Inkumbulo kunye nezinye iintlobo zee-chips, abasebenzisi bathandabuza malunga nokusebenza kwabo kunye nokuthembeka phantsi kweemeko ezinobushushu obufana nobushushu, umswakama, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kufuneka kuphuculwe.

2.2.3 Ubukrelekrele yiNkosi yekamva

Ubukrelekrele, uthungelwano, kunye nokufakwa kwedatha yombane ophantsi ye-voltage zizikhokelo zophuhliso lwexesha elizayo, kodwa iimfuno eziphezulu zibekwa kwinkqubo yokudityaniswa kwenkqubo kunye nezisombululo zombane eziphantsi zombane. Ukufundela ukufundela izixhobo zombane eziphantsi ze-voltage kufuna ukuba kusetyenziswe itekhnoloji yemveliso kunye nezixhobo, kunye nokusekwa kwemigca yokuvelisa ezenzekelayo kwizinto zombane ze-voltage ephantsi, kunye nemigca yezixhobo ezizenzekelayo zombane ocociweyo. Abaphulaphuli besekethe, abaKrelekrele bobukrelekrele be-AC, abakrelekrele beSikrelekrele beSiphako, abaKhuselo lweSekethe, i-SPD, izixhobo zokudluliselwa kwesekethe, kunye nezinye iitekhnoloji ze-Grid kunye nentengiso, ukuze Umzi mveliso wam we-voltage ophantsi unokuhambelana neetekhnoloji ezikhokelayo zamanye amazwe ngokukhawuleza [3].

2.3 Inguqu yentengiso

2.3.1 Uhlengahlengiso lweshishini

Amashishini amakhulu amakhulu anamandla aqinileyo kufuneka azame konke okusemandleni abo ukuphuhlisa abe neenkampani ezibanzi zeqela elixhasa amagunya eRhwebo. Amashishini anamandla amahle kunye neemeko ezilungileyo kufuneka aphuhlise kwaye aphucule iimveliso zabo eziphambili, iimodeli ezizodwa kunye neenkcazo, kwaye babe ngamashishini ombane aphezulu anemitshini. Amashishini amancinci namaphakathi anengcali ethile anokuphuhliswa kumashishini okhethekileyo ombane wemveliso ye-voltage okanye amashishini emveliso akhethekileyo kwizixhobo zamandla kunye nezixhobo ezixhasayo ezineentlobo ezijolise kuzo. Uninzi lwe-SME kufuneka luqwalasele uhlengahlengiso lohlengahlengiso lwezinto kunye ne-asethi.

2.3.2 Umgaqo-nkqubo

Urhulumente uza kuphucula umgaqo-nkqubo kunye nenkqubo yezomthetho, ekwandisa izitishi zokuxhasa ngemali kunye nenkqubo yokuqinisekisa amashishini, ukonyusa inkxaso yemali kunye nenkxaso mali kwirhafu kumashishini. Igqwetha iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zeyunithi zikarhulumente ukuthenga nokuxhasa amashishini aphezulu. Ukomeleza ukhuseleko lwamashishini, ukuze kukhawuleze inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yamashishini, lungisa isakhiwo kwaye uxhase amashishini okuvula imakethi.

2.3.3 "I-intanethi +"

Ngokutsho kwemeko exhunyelwe yiNkulumbuso ye, vumela iinkampani ezininzi zombane eziphantsi zifunda imodeli yeshishini ye-Bat kwaye yaba luncedo lombane ophantsi. Kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uvelise amashishini anjengesithuba kunye ne-dedixi kwisiseko soomasifundisane bosapho e-YEUQIng, iWenzhou, kuya kuba luluhlu lwamashishini aphuma ngoncedo lwe-Hardware + Isoftware ye-E-Commerce Moges kunye neQhinga.

2.3.4 Uyilo-uphawu lwexabiso

Kwishishini lombane olwanda lokhuphiswano olusezantsi, indlela yendaleko 'yokuphucula uphawu olunoyilo kunye nokuphelisa ukuphela kwesoyikiso ngoyilo "kuya kuba ngakumbi nangakumbi. Kwaye ezinye iinkampani ezijonga phambili zithathe amanyathelo aqinileyo ukuphucula ukhuphiswano lweempawu zabo kunye neemveliso ngentsebenziswano neenkampani zoyilo ezaziwayo. Okwangoku, uyilo lolwakhiwo lwemibane yombane ephantsi isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-modyuli, ukudibanisa, udumiso kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwamacandelo. Indalo iphela yamacandelo ahlukeneyo okanye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zombane ziya kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zophuhliso lwemveliso kunye nemveliso yabavelisi; Ikwalungele abasebenzisi ukuba bagcine kwaye banciphise uluhlu lweenxalenye.

2.3.5 Ukomeleza ukuthunyelwa kwelinye ilizwe kunye nokwenza imodeli yophuhliso lwe-dumbbell

Ukuphuhliswa kweempawu eziphakathi kwi-pied-to the phesheya kunye neshishini laphesheya, ukuseka indawo engapheliyo kwimarike yaphesheya kunye nokwenza i-chrivetieds, ibe yindlela ebonakalayo yophuhliso lwe-dumbbell, kufuneka ibe yindlela ebalulekileyo yokukhula kwemveliso yexesha elizayo. Ngoncedo lwehlabathi, ukungena phakathi kwamazwe amaninzi kunye namashishini asekhaya sele eyimeko engenakukhuseleka kuphuhliso lombane ophantsi kwe-voltage. Oku kungena kungekuphela nje ukungangenisi iimveliso ezikufutshane zamashishini asekhaya kwiimarike zangaphandle, kodwa kunye nokungena kweenkampani zezinto ezininzi eziphakathi kwimakethi yasekhaya kunye nokuphela. Urhulumente kunye noorhulumente basekhaya kufuneka bakhuthaze ngamashishini kunye namaqela emizini ukuze bandise i-chain yexabiso lezomsebenzi, inkxaso yombane ophantsi ukuze iphucule indlela "yokuphuculwa, kwaye isebenze ngokwazo